Internal-combustion engine



Aug, 9, 1927'.z 1,638,288

E. R. BURTNETT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGNE Filed May 51, 1923 PatentedAug. 9, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EVERETT R. BURTNETT, F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT ANDMESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE AUTOMOTIVE VALVES CO.,OF LOS ANGELES, CALI-FORNIA, A VOLUNTARY TRUST.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed May 31,

My vinvention relates to internal combustion engines, the principalobjects of my invention being to generally improve upon and simplify theconstruction of the presentforms of internal combustion engines, and

to-provide an engine in which a power impulse is developed by a twostroke cycle and in which engine the valvulary -functioning isaccomplished by means of reciprocating sleeves.

Further objects of my invention are, to provide a two stroke cyclecombustion engine cylinder, in which the inlet and exhaust ports areopened, closed and sealed at the desired time, y' by one reciprocatingsleeve actuated by direct connection with an eccentric on thecrankshaft, and to provide in an internal combustion enginea two strokecycle pumping cylinder lfor gaseous mixture precompression and, pressureinduction of the fresh charge into the combustion cylinder, in which theinlet port is opened, closed and sealed' at the desired time by a singlesleeveactuated by a. direct connection with an eccentric on the crankshaft.

A further object of my invention is, to provide a two stroke cycleinternal combustion engine, in which the gaseous mixture charge supplyfrom the carburetor or vaporizing ,means tothel pumping chamber, issupplied for the `fulltime duration of the induction or suction strokeof the piston of the pumping chamber, providing thereby, increasedvolumetric efficiency, and reducing the fluctuation ofthe inlet columnmovement through the choke ltube of the carburetor, and consequentlymaking a two stroke cycle engine operation more silent, smooth andflexible.

A still further object of my invention is', to provide an internalcombustion engine' of few parts, functioning on the combustion cyclewith constant compression, with silent and positive Vvalve action,eliminating the need for a cam or eccentric shaft, timing gears andassociated arts, and effecting a great saving in manu acturing andmaintenance cost. v v

With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists incertain novel features of construction and arrangements of partshereinafter more fully described 1923. Serial No. 642,509.

and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken length- 55 wise through thev centerof an engine of my improved construction.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. I

Referring by numerals to the accompany- 00 ing drawings, whichillustrate a practical embodiment of my invention, 10 designates theupper member of a crank case in the ends of which are formed suitablebearings 11 for a shaft 12 having a pair of cranks 13 65 and 14 that areoppositely disposed or arranged 180 degrees apart.

Formed on the shaft 12 adjacent to the crankl. is anA eccentric 15, andformed on said shaft adjacent to the crank 14 is an 70 eccentric 16. v Y

Surmounting the crank case 10 is a block that comprises a combustioncylinder 17 and a 4pumping orprecompression cylinder 18, tllile1 axesthereof being substantially par- 75 a e The wall surrounding thecombustion cylinder 17 is formed with a chamber 19 through which. may becirculated a ui'd cooling medium, such as water, and the greater part ofthe wall surrounding pump; ing cylinder 18 isv provided with a chamber20 through which may, be circulated the hot burntv gases and products ofcombination that are discharged from the combustion cylinder. i

Formed through the upper portion of the wall .of the pumping cylinder 18is a gaseous fuel inlet port 21, and formed through the Wall between thechambers within the two `cylinders is a transfer port, or ports, such as,22, and through which the compressed gaseous fuel passes from thechamber within the pumping cylinder to the chamber within the combustioncylinder.

Formed through the up er portion ofthe wall of the combustion cy inder17 and disposed substantially opposite to the transfer ports 22 is anexhaust port 23.

Arranged for reciprocatory movement 100 within the piston sweep chamber24 in the combustion cylinder is a sleeve 25, and formed in the u perportion thereof is a port 26'that is a apted to register with andcontrol the discharge of burnt products of combustion ,through exhaustport 23, and formed through the opposite portion of the wall of sleeve25 and adapted to communicate with transfer ports 22, are ports 27.

Arranged for reciprocatory movement with sleeve 25 is a piston 28, and aconnecting rod 29 connects the wrist pin of said piston with the crank13.

Projecting laterally from the lower portion4 ofthe sleeve 25 is atrunnion 30 onr which is journaled the upper end of a connecting rod 31,the lower portion thereof encircling eccentric 15.

In order to minimize wear'upon the sleeve 2,5 and to` eliminate angularstrains that might be imparted thereto by the pull of the connecting rod31, a cross-head 32 is mounted on the trunnion 30 between the upper endsof the rod 31 and said sleeve, and the end of said cross-head isprovided with plates 33 that bear on flat vertically disposed surfaces34 that are formed within the lower portion of the cylinder block. Thechamber that is occupied by this crosshead and trunnion is closed by areadily removable vplate 35.

A. readily detachable head 36 closes the upper end of the combustionchamber, said head having a substantially cylindrical depending portion37 that extends downwardy within the piston sweep chamber 24, and theexternal diameter of such depending portion is such that it fits snuglywithin the upper portion of sleeve 25. v

This head and depending portion are formed with connected chambers 38that communicate with the cooling fluid circulation chambers 19.

Formed in the lower portion of the depending member 37 of this head is apocket 39, and leading therefrom downwardly and outwardly through thewall of the depending member 37, is a short duct 40 that communicateswith a series of ports 41, and the latter being disposed directlyopposite to the transfer ports 22.

When sleeve 25 is moved to a certain position, the ports 27 therein areadapted to coincide with the ports 22 and 41, and consequently admitcompressed lgaseous fuel from the pumping cylinder to the pocket 39 andto the chamber 24 with which said pocket communicates.

Leading downwardly and laterally from the lower end of pocket 39 is aduct 42 that is inclined so that the gaseous fuel that discharges fromthe pocket 39 into piston sweep chamber 24 will be directed, as shown bythe arrows in Fig. 1, downwardly into that side of the piston chamberthat is below the inlet ports and directly opposite from the exhaustvport. Thus, when gaseous fuel is admitted to the piston sweep chamber,rt will sweep downwardly on the side opposite from the exhaust port 23,thence across the short chiot through which the products of combustionmay pass during scavenging operations.

Fitted in the lower portion of the depending member 37 and bearingagainst the inner face of sleeve 25 is a packing ring 44.

Seated in the rentra] portion of head 36 is an ignition device,V,preferably a spark plug 45, and the inner ends of the electrodesthereof project into the upper portion of pocket 39.

Arranged for reciprocatory movement within the gaseous fuel compressionchambei' 4G in cylinder 18 is a sleeve 47 that controls gaseous fuelinlet port 21.

Projecting laterally from the lower ortion of this sleeve is a trunnion48, on w ich is journalled the upper end of a connecting rod 49, and thelower end of which latter encircles eccentric 16.

Mounted on trunnion 48, is a cross-head 50, the construction andfunctions of which are identical with the cross-head that is mounted ontrunnion 30.

Arranged for reciprocat-oryl movement within sleeve 47 is a piston 51that is provided with a recess 52 in its upper portion, and a connectingrod 53 connects the wrist pin of this piston with crank 14.

Inasmuch as the cranks 13 and 14 are oppositely disposed, the pistons 28and 51 move simultaneously in opposite directions.

Eccentric 16 is set so that prior to the time crank 14 reaches lowcenter, and piston 51 is at the lower end of its stroke, said eccentricand connections to sleeve 47 have drawn the latter downward to uncoverport 21, thereby admitting from a suitable source of supply, preferablya carburetor, a charge of gaseous fuel.

As the sleeve moves upward the inlet port 21 is covered, thereby cuttingoff the further admission of gaseous fuel to the compression chamber 46,and on the subseqll-llent upward .stroke of piston 51, this c arge ofgaseous fuel will be' highly compressed within said chamber 46, and atthe same time the compresed charge will absorb a certain amount of heatfrom the heated products of combustion that are circulated throughchamber 20.

qWhile the gaseous fuel charge is under high compression. the sleeve 25has been drawn downward by eccentric 15 and conend of its stroke sleevnections, so that ports 27 register with ports 22 and 41. As thisregistration of ports takes pla-ce, the compressed gaseous fuelchargerushes through transfer 'ports 22, ports 27 and 41, thence through duct40,

pocket 39, and thence downwardly throughduct 42, with the result thatthe burnt ases and products of combustion resulting from the previouslyignited and expanded gaseous fuel charge` will be forced out throughIport 26 that yis in registration with the exhaust port 23.

As,` this exhaust or scavenging 'action is completed, eccentric 15 'andconnections will move sleeve upward so as to cut olf the further inletof compressed gaseous fuel into the pocket 39 and so as to cut off the`further exhaust through port 23. with the result that the admittedcharge of gaseous fuel will be sealed within piston sweep chamber 24,and on the succeeding upward strokeof the piston 28, this gaseous fuelcharge will be compressed within pocket 39.

As crank 13, passes high center, or immediately thereafter, a spark isproduced between the terminals of the electrodes of plug 45, therebyigniting the charge of compressed. gaseousfuel within the pocket 39 andthe expansion of combustion of the compressed fuel charge will bedirected against the head of piston 28 =to move the same downward onitsl` ower stroke.

Before the piston 2 reaches the lower 25 will have been moved so thatport 27 registers with ports 22 and 41, and so that port 26 'registerswith exhaust port 23, thereby admitting a fresh charge Iof compressedAgaseous fuel, and

which charge in sweeping through chamber 24 will force before it theburnt prod-' ucts of combustion, and the same Will be discharged throughports 26 and 23.

Thus, -it willl be seen that YI have pro- E vided a relatively simpleand practical two stroke cycle internal combustion engine in whichpocket valves, crank case compression cam yshaftand timing gears arewholly eliminated, and which engine has the desirable feature of smooth,silent and iiexible operation combined with sim licity ofV structureandlow' cost of manu acture.

Obviously, the construction of the various -parts of my improved`internal combustion engine may be varied in detail without departingfrom the' spirit ofthe invention, the scope of which is set forth in theappended claims.

I claiml as my invention:

\1. In a twostroke cycle internal combustion engine, a combustioncylinder, a'

pumping cylinder,`a sleeve'farra'nged for re-l ciprocation within saidcombustion cylinder,

a sleeve arranged for reciprocation Within the pumping cylinder, apiston .arranged for reciprocation. within thesleeve -of thel connectionfrom said eccentric sleeve, a sleeve within the combustion cham-- .crankshaft, a connection between the sleeve of the pumping cylinder and saidsecond eccentric, there being a gaseous fuel admission port formed nearthe top of the pumping cylinder, there being a duct lead.- ing from thecompression clearance `part of the pumping cylinder tothe upper part ofthe combustion cylinder, therebe'ing a port in the sleeve ofthecombustion cylinder for registration withl said duct, there being' anexhaust port formed in the iwall of the combustion chamber at a pointsubstantially opposite to said duct, a' head projecting into the inneror head end of the combustion chamber, which head is provided with anignition pocket, ports formed in saidy head for establishingcommunication between the port in the sleeve surrounding the piston inthe combustion chamber with said ignition pocket and a port leadingI'from the lower portion kof said' ignition pocket tothe bottom of saidhead.

2. A two stroke cycle internal ,combustion engine having a combustioncylinder and a pumping cylinder, said pumping cylinder ase'ous fuelinlet port, the conlbustion cy inder havingv an exhaust port, therebeing'transfer ports formed between the chamber within the pumping cylinder'105 and the chamber within the combustion cylinder, a crank shaft havinga pair of cranks, a piston within the combustion chamber, which pistonlis connected, to one yof the cranks of the crank shaft, a piston 119'within .the pumping cylinder, which 'piston is connected to 'the othercrank of vsaid crank shaft, va sleeve within the pumping v cylinderandenclosing the piston therein, which sleeve controls the gaseous fuel'in- 115 let port, van eccentric on the crank slaft, a

to saidv ber for controlling the transfer ports and' the exhaust port,said sleeve enclosing the 120 piston within said combustion chamber,asecond eccentric on the crank shaft, a connection from said eccentricto said last mentioned sleeve, a head projecting downwardly into ysaidcombustion chamber, which 125 "head is (provided with acombined-compression an ignition pocket that receives the. gaseous .fuelythat is admitted through the transfer-,porte and a port leadingfrom the,lower 'portion' of `said ignition pocket dowriwardly through the bottomof said head and communicating with the piston clearance space Withinsaid combustion chamber.

3. In an internal Combustion engine, the combination with a CombustionCylinder having an exhaust port` that leads from the piston sweepehainher within said sleeve. a head for said'eylindei` said head havinga. combined gaseous fuel Compression and ignition pocket, there being aduct leading -dou'nu'aidl5Y from said pocket in an in-v clined directiontoward the side of the piston sweep chamber opposite to the side inwhich the exhaust port is formed, there be ing a gaseous fuel inlet portformed in the cylinder and adapted to communicate with the pocket in thecylinder head, a sleeve arranged for reciprooatory movement-With in saidcylinder and provided With ports that are adapted to register with saidinlet port and exhaust port, and a gaseous fuel pumping cylinderarranged immediately adjacent to said combustion eylinder forcompressing gaseous fuel and forcing the same under pressure throughsaid inlet port. A

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EVERETT R. BURTNETT.

